The use of antibiotics is not permitted in Switzerland; moreover, no other medication exists to combat European foul brood. Hives with symptoms must therefore be destroyed in order to limit the outbreak, and the contaminated material must be sanitised. Since prevention is the best cure, early detection is desirable. Numerous studies have been undertaken and documents have been created at the Swiss Bee Research Centre and elsewhere to draw the attention of beekeepers to these problems and inform them about the causes and the control measures to be implemented.
Biurrun I., Burrascano S., Dembicz I., Guarino R., Kapfer J., Pielech R., Garcia-Mijangos I., Wagner V., Palpurina S., Mimet A., Pellissier V., Marcenò C., Nowak A., Bergamini A., Boch S., Csergő A. M., Grytnes J.-A., Campos J. A., Erschbamer B., Jiménez-Alfaro B., Kącki Z., Kuzemko A., Manthey M., van Meerbeek K., Swacha G., Swacha E., Alatalo J. M., Aleffi M., Babbi M., Bátori Z., Belonovskaya E., Berg C., Prasad Bhatta K., Cancellieri L., Ceulemans T., Deák B., Demeter L., Deng L., Doležal J., Dolnik C., Dramstad W., Dřevojan P., Ecker K., Essl F., Etzold J., Filibeck G., Fjellstad W., Güler B., Hájek M., Hepenstrick D., Hodgson J. G., Honrado J. P., Jägerbrand A. K., Janišová M., Jeanneret P., Kelemen A., Kirschner P., Klichowska E., Kolomiiets G., Kozub Ł., Lepš J., Lindborg R., Löbel S., Lomba A., Magnes M., Mayrhofer H., Malicki M., Mašić E., Meier E., Mirin D., Molau U., Moysiyenko I., Naqinezhad A., Ninot J. M., Nobis M., Pedersen C., Pérez-Haase A., Peters J., Pladevall-Izard E., Roleček J., Ronkin V., Savchenko G., Shyriaieva D., Sickel H., Stevens C., Świerszcz S., Tölgyesi C., Tsarevskaya N., Valkó O., Van Mechelen C., Vashenyak I., Vetaas O. R., Vynokurov D., Waldén E., Widmer S., Wolfrum S., Wróbel A., Zlotnikova E., Dengler J.
GrassPlot v. 2.00 – first update on the database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands.
GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). Following a previous Long Database Report (Dengler et al. 2018, Phyto-coenologia 48, 331–347), we provide here the first update on content and functionality of GrassPlot. The current version (GrassPlot v. 2.00) contains a total of 190,673 plots of different grain sizes across 28,171 independent plots, with 4,654 nested-plot series including at least four grain sizes. The database has improved its content as well as its functionality, including addition and harmonization of header data (land use, information on nestedness, structure and ecology) and preparation of species composition data. Currently, GrassPlot data are intensively used for broad-scale analyses of different aspects of alpha and beta diversity in grassland ecosystems.
