The use of antibiotics is not permitted in Switzerland; moreover, no other medication exists to combat European foul brood. Hives with symptoms must therefore be destroyed in order to limit the outbreak, and the contaminated material must be sanitised. Since prevention is the best cure, early detection is desirable. Numerous studies have been undertaken and documents have been created at the Swiss Bee Research Centre and elsewhere to draw the attention of beekeepers to these problems and inform them about the causes and the control measures to be implemented.
Relation entre les caractéristiques de l`herbe et celles du fromage. Présentation et premier résultats d`une étude pluridisciplinaire. (Relationships between the characteristics of grass and those of cheese. Presentation and preliminary results of a multi-disciplinary study).
Jeangros, B., Troxler, J., Conod, D., Scehovic, J., Bosset, J.O., Bütikofer, U., Gauch, R., Mariaca, R., Pauchard, J.P., Sieber, R.
Relation entre les caractéristiques de l`herbe et celles du fromage. Présentation et premier résultats d`une étude pluridisciplinaire. (Relationships between the characteristics of grass and those of cheese. Presentation and preliminary results of a multi-disciplinary study).
This paper describes the outline, goals, procedures, study sites, and analyses adopted in studying the relationships between grass, milk or cream and ripened Gruyère and Etivaz cheese. This was particularly aimed at testing whether mountain pastures (with a more diverse botanical composition) produced cheese with more flavour than lowland pastures. The study also focused on the characteristics of mountain cheese made using open wood fires to heat the milk. Four production sites were included in the study which took place from June-September 1995. The sites were selected to be as similar as possible in their production methods (with the exception of milk heating) but different in the botanical composition of the pastures. Two of the sites were located at between 1300 and 2100 m above sea level, 1 at approximately 1000 m and 1 at approximately 600 m. At each site, the following observations were made, repeated approximately 12 times: (a) the botanical composition of the pasture, (b) the chemical composition of the grass, (c) the chemical composition of the milk and cream, (d) the chemical composition of the ripened cheese, and (e) the sensory properties of the ripened cheese. Preliminary results, particularly with regard to the incidence of volatile terpenoids in grass from mountain areas and in milk, cream and cheeses are summarized. Further data will be published as available
