Control

The use of antibiotics is not permitted in Switzerland; moreover, no other medication exists to combat European foul brood. Hives with symptoms must therefore be destroyed in order to limit the outbreak, and the contaminated material must be sanitised. Since prevention is the best cure, early detection is desirable. Numerous studies have been undertaken and documents have been created at the Swiss Bee Research Centre and elsewhere to draw the attention of beekeepers to these problems and inform them about the causes and the control measures to be implemented.

Merkblatt zur erkennung von Bienenbrutkrankheiten (German (PDF, 357 kB, 18.10.2017) and French (PDF, 226 kB, 02.02.2017))
M. Tschumi (2011)

Modification of the proportion of extractable and bound condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viicifolia) during wilting, ensiling and pelleting processes.

Institutional Repository Agroscope

Girard M., Dohme-Meier F., Ampuero S., Grosse Brinkhaus A., Arrigo Y., Wyss U., Bee G.

Modification of the proportion of extractable and bound condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viicifolia) during wilting, ensiling and pelleting processes.

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry, 34, (1), 2018, 1-19.

Link: Journal “Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry"

Zusammenfassung:

Condensed tannins (CT) in legume forages vary not only in concentration and structure, but also in the portion of soluble and protein- and fiber-bound fractions. This study aimed to assess the changes in the total CT level as well as relative abundance of the three CT fractions from fresh to wilted, ensiled or pelleted legumes like in birdsfoot trefoil (two cultivars) and in sainfoin (one cultivar). Each legume underwent three consecutive harvests, of which the first two were wilted. Additionally, wilted legumes were either ensiled (first harvest) or transformed into dehydrated pellets (second harvest). For each harvest, total CT and the percentage of soluble, protein- and fiber-bound CT differed (P < 0.01) among plants. The total CT content was similar after wilting but was lower (P < 0.05) after ensiling. After wilting, ensiling and pelleting the portion of soluble CT was lower in favor of protein-bound CT portion. However, time of harvest affected (P < 0.05) total CT and the percentage of soluble and protein-bound CT. Thus, measuring the bound-fraction should not be ignored in the determination of CT content since this fraction, together with the soluble fraction, might protect protein from ruminal degradation.

ISSN Print: 1450-9156
ISSN Online: 2217-7140
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.2298/BAH1801001G
Publikations-ID (Webcode): 37935 Per E-Mail versenden

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Modification of the proportion of extractable and bound condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and sainfoin (Onobrychis viicifolia) during wilting, ensiling and pelleting processes.