Honigeinlagerung

Der Wassergehalt des von den Pflanzen produzierten Nektars kann variieren. Um seine Konservierung in den Waben zu gewährleisten, darf er nicht gären. Deshalb wird er von den Bienen in Honig umgewandelt, indem sie seinen Wassergehalt senken und folglich den Zuckergehalt erhöhen. Dies verhindert die Entwicklung der Mikroorganismen. In der Dunkelheit des Bienenstocks ist es schwierig, den Herstellungsprozess des Honigs zu beobachten. Aus diesem Grund ist er auch nur wenig erforscht. Um die Umwandlung von Nektar in Honig zu untersuchen, haben wir die Technik der Tomographie eingesetzt. Sie ermöglicht es, den Zuckergehalt des eingelagerten Nektars sehr präzise zu messen, ohne den Bienenstock öffnen zu müssen und das Bienenvolk zu stören.

No evidence of unexpected transgenic insertions in T1190 – A transgenic apple used in rapid cycle breeding – following whole genome sequencing.

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Patocchi A., Keilwagen J., Berner T., Wenzel S., Broggini G., Altschmied L., Hanke M.-V., Flachowsky H.

No evidence of unexpected transgenic insertions in T1190 – A transgenic apple used in rapid cycle breeding – following whole genome sequencing.

Frontiers in Plant Science, 12, (715737), 2021, 1-13.

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Résumé:

Rapid cycle breeding uses transgenic early flowering plants as crossbreed parents to facilitate the shortening of breeding programs for perennial crops with long-lasting juvenility. Rapid cycle breeding in apple was established using the transgenic genotype T1190 expressing the BpMADS4 gene of silver birch. In this study, the genomes of T1190 and its non-transgenic wild-type PinS (F1-offspring of ‘Pinova’ and ‘Idared’) were sequenced by Illumina short-read sequencing in two separate experiments resulting in a mean sequencing depth of 182x for T1190 and 167x for PinS. The sequencing revealed 8,450 reads, which contain sequences of >=20 bp identical to the plant transformation vector. These reads were assembled into 125 contigs, which were examined to see whether they contained transgenic insertions or if they are not using a five-step procedure. The sequence of one contig represents the known T-DNA insertion on chromosome 4 of T1190. The sequences of the remaining contigs were either equally present in T1190 and PinS, their part with sequence identity to the vector was equally present in apple reference genomes, or they seem to result from endophytic contaminations rather than from additional transgenic insertions. Therefore, we conclude that the transgenic apple plant T1190 contains only one transgenic insertion, located on chromosome 4, and shows no further partial insertions of the transformation vector.

ISSN en ligne: 1664-462X
Digital Object Identifier (DOI): https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.715737
ID publication (Code web): 47759 Envoyer par e-mail

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Honigeinlagerung

No evidence of unexpected transgenic insertions in T1190 – A transgenic apple used in rapid cycle breeding – following whole genome sequencing.