Former food products (FFPs) are foodstu s that, even though they are nutritious and safe, have lost their value on the human consumption market for di erent reasons, such as production errors leading to broken or intermediate foodstu s, surpluses caused by logistical challenges of daily delivery, or any other reason. The nutritional features of FFPs include carbohydrates, free sugars, and possibly also fats. FFPs tend to have been processed through various technological and heat treatments that impact the nutrients and the kinetics of digestion, as well as animal response and, particularly, gastro-intestinal health. This review integrates some of the most recently published works about the chemical composition, nutritional value, digestibility and glycaemic index of ex-foods. In addition, a view on the relationship between the use of FFPs and safety issues and their e ects on pigs’ intestinal microbiota are also given.
