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Quarantine Organisms in Fruit Growing
The Swiss federal plant protection regulation contains a list of pathogens and pests („quarantine organisms”). Since they are not present in Europe, or occur only in limited areas, official measures were proscribed in order to prevent their spread. An important element is the phytosanitary passport, which certifies that vegetative plant material produced in nurseries has been officially controlled for quarantine organisms. Another fundamental element is mandatory notification, which requires reporting of any occurrence of these quarantine organisms.
The quarantine status enables cantonal authorities to implement official control measures against these organisms, and also to receive federal support and provide compensation to affected fruit growers.
The most important quarantine organisms threatening fruit production are:
Bacteria
- Fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) pip fruit
- bacterial leaf spot, (Xanthomonas. arboricola pv. pruni) stone fruit (en cantonVS)
Fungi
- Moniliose (Monilinia fructicola) pip fruit and stone fruit (en canton VS)
Viruses and Phytoplasmas
- Sharka (Plum pox potyvirus) stone fruit
- Apple proliferation (Candidatus phytoplasma mali) pip fruit - Apple
- (Pear decline (Candidatus phytoplasma pyri) pip fruit - Pear
- European stone fruit yellows phytoplasma ESFY (Candidatus phytoplasma prunorum) stone fruit
Further details on quarantine organisms under the links in the column right.
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